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Canada
Indigenous nations, New France and British colonial roots to a bilingual federation.
Overview
Canada was home to hundreds of Indigenous nations; French and British colonies (New France, British North America) confederated in 1867 into today's parliamentary democracy.
Basic Information
CapitalOttawa
Population40 million
Area9,984,670 km²
CurrencyCanadian dollar (CAD)
LanguagesEnglish, French
RegionNorth America
History Timeline
- 1608Champlain founds Quebec
- 1763France cedes Canada to Britain
- 1867Canadian Confederation
- 1982Patriation of the Constitution
Ancient Peoples
- First Nations
- Inuit
- Métis
Ancient Kingdoms
- Haudenosaunee Confederacy
Empires
- New France
- British Empire
Religions
- Christianity
- Judaism
- Islam
- Sikhism
- Indigenous spiritualities
Culture
Bilingualism, multiculturalism policy, Inuit art, hockey.
Language
English and French are official.
Important Battles
- Plains of Abraham1759
British capture Quebec
- Vimy Ridge1917
Canadian WWI triumph
Historical Figures
John A. Macdonald
1867 – 1873
First prime minister
Pierre Trudeau
1968 – 1984
Charter-era PM
Archaeological Sites
- L'Anse aux Meadows
- Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump
UNESCO World Heritage Sites
- L'Anse aux Meadows
- Old Quebec
- Rideau Canal
- Nahanni NP
Dynasties
Colonial Period
French and British colonies until 1867.
Modern History
Constitutional monarchy; G7 member.